Chapter 13 - Connective Tissue Supports and Protects - BIO 140 - Human Determine the electric field strength of the precipitator. Persons whose jobs and hobbies involve performing the same movements over and over again are often at the greatest risk of tendinitis. The amount and structure of each component correlates with the function of the tissue, from the rigid ground substance in bones supporting the body to the inclusion of specialized cells; for example, a phagocytic cell that engulfs pathogens and also rids tissue of cellular debris. The mesenchymal cell is a multipotent adult stem cell. Elastic fibers are prominent in elastic tissues found in skin and the elastic ligaments of the vertebral column. Collagen fibers are made from fibrous protein subunits linked together to form a long and straight fiber. citation tool such as, Authors: J. Gordon Betts, Kelly A. . Your opponent stands ready as you prepare to hit the serve, but you are confident that you will smash the ball past your opponent. Dense Connective Tissue. As with dense regular connective tissue, when elastic fibers running in random directions outnumber collagen fibers, the tissue is a dense irregular elastic connective tissue. type of connective tissue that provides strength to the body and protects soft tissue synovial membrane connective tissue membrane that lines the cavities of freely movable joints, producing synovial fluid for lubrication tight junction forms an impermeable barrier between cells tissue group of cells that are similar in form and perform related . Compact bone is solid and has greater structural strength. lab quiz 2 tissues, integumentary system Flashcards | Quizlet Legal. The macrophage cell is a large cell derived from a monocyte, a type of blood cell, which enters the connective tissue matrix from the blood vessels. Q. Q. Connective tissue is made of which three essential components? A few cells can be seen squeezed between the fibers. The proteoglycan attracts and traps available moisture forming the clear, viscous, colorless matrix you now know as ground substance. The most abundant cell in connective tissue proper is the fibroblast. Cartilaginous tissue is avascular, thus all nutrients need to diffuse through the matrix to reach the chondrocytes. The condition causes pain and tenderness in the area around a joint. Collagen fiber is made from fibrous protein subunits linked together to form a long and straight fiber. The formed elements circulating in blood are all derived from hematopoietic stem cells located in bone marrow (Figure \(\PageIndex{8}\)). A few cells can be seen squeezed between the fibers. (b) Dense irregular connective tissue consists of collagenous fibers interwoven into a mesh-like network. Lymph contains a liquid matrix and white blood cells. These cells can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair and healing of damaged tissue. Platelets are cell fragments involved in blood clotting. What is the ground substance in typical connective tissue matrix? She consoles you by mentioning that well known tennis players such as Venus and Serena Williams and Rafael Nadal have also suffered from tendinitis related injuries. Connective tissues perform many functions in the body, but most importantly, they support and connect other tissues; from the connective tissue sheath that surrounds muscle cells, to the tendons that attach muscles to bones, and to the skeleton that supports the positions of the body. Adipose cells store surplus energy in the form of fat and contribute to the thermal insulation of the body. In adults, new connective tissue cells originate from the ________. It makes up a template of the embryonic skeleton before bone formation. chapter 4 new part 2 Flashcards | Quizlet This arrangement gives the tissue greater strength in all directions and less strength in one particular direction. All of these fiber types are embedded in ground substance. The external ear contains elastic cartilage. It forms the lamina propria of mucus membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries. It can appear yellow and owes its color to carotene and related pigments from plant food. For active individuals, dynamic stretches before exercising and cross training or changing exercises are recommended. The number and type of adipocytes depends on the tissue and location, and vary among individuals in the population. PDF Lab Activity 4 - Portland Community College (b) Fibrocartilage provides some compressibility and can absorb pressure. The proteoglycan attracts and traps available moisture forming the clear, viscous, colorless matrix you now know as ground substance. There are two basic types of adipocytes: white and brown. Fibroblasts are present in all connective tissue proper (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). The dermis of the skin is an example of dense irregular connective tissue rich in collagen fibers. After examining your swollen wrist, the doctor in the emergency room announces that you have developed wrist tendinitis. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain? Cells circulate in a liquid extracellular matrix. Exercise 5: classification of tissues Flashcards | Quizlet Injuries to cartilage heal very slowly because cells and nutrients needed for repair diffuse slowly to the injury site. Dense regular connective tissue fibers are parallel to each other, enhancing tensile strength and resistance to stretching in the direction of the fiber orientations. Which type of tissue is being studied? Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular connective tissue, but in ligaments not all fibers are parallel. In contrast, white fat adipocytes store lipids as a single large drop and are metabolically less active. OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology (CC BY 4.0). Dense connective tissue proper is richer in fibers and may be regular, with fibers oriented in parallel as in ligaments and tendons, or irregular, with fibers oriented in several directions. Elastic cartilage can stretch and recoil to its original shape because of its high content of elastic fibers. White adipose tissue can be found protecting the kidneys and cushioning the back of the eye. Factors Affecting Sensory Acceptance of Thickened Liquids Used in The amount and structure of each component correlates with the function of the tissue, from the rigid ground substance in bones supporting the body to the inclusion of specialized cells; for example, phagocytic cells that engulf pathogens and also rid tissue of cellular debris are common in many connective tissues. reticular. Platelets are cell fragments involved in blood clotting. The example is from dog tissue. Areolar tissue underlies most epithelia and represents the connective tissue component of epithelial membranes, which are described further in a later section. These granules contain the chemical signals histamine and heparin. Dense regular connective tissue fibers are parallel to each other, enhancing tensile strength and resistance to stretching in the direction of the fiber orientations. Surgical repair of a tendon is painful. Anatomy & Physiology Ch 4 Tissues and Functions - Quizlet The three broad categories of connective tissue are classified according to the characteristics of their ground substance and the types of fibers found within the matrix ([link]). The mesenchymal cell is a multipotent adult stem cell. Connective tissue proper includes the fixed cells fibrocytes, adipocytes, and mesenchymal cells. Both tissues have a variety of cell types and protein fibers suspended in a viscous ground substance. It is lighter than compact bone and found in the interior of some bones and at the end of long bones. Location: widely distributed under epithelia of body, mucous membranes, packages organs, surrounds capillaries Blood Function: Transport respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances Location: within blood vessels Bone Elastic cartilage can stretch and recoil to its original shape because of its high content of elastic fibers. Most widely distributed connective tissue / Soft, pliable tissue / Contains all fiber types / Can soak up excess fluid Adipose Tissue Matrix is an areolar tissue in which fat globules predominate / Many cells contain large lipid deposits / Functions: insulates the body, protects some organs, serves as a site of fuel storage Unlike cartilage, bone tissue can recover from injuries in a relatively short time. As you might expect, a fibrocyte, a less active form of fibroblast, is the second most common cell type in connective tissue proper. Discuss how blood fulfills this role. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. The many mitochondria in the cytoplasm of brown adipose tissue help explain its efficiency at metabolizing stored fat. Tendinitis is routinely diagnosed through a clinical examination. Hyaline cartilage is smooth and clear, covers joints, and is found in the growing portion of bones. That dull ache in the wrist that you ignored through the summer is now an unbearable pain. This is not where connective tissue roles end. Recall from the first section of this chapter that membranes form all the body linings and are made up of epithelial tissues with a layer of underlying connective tissue. Cartilage contains chondrocytes and is somewhat flexible. As you toss the ball high in the air, a burning pain shoots across your wrist and you drop the tennis racket. The game is over for now. In contrast, fixed macrophages are permanent residents of their tissues. Provides reserve fuel, insulates against heat loss, supports and protects organ Under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen, and in breasts areolar Wraps and cushions organs, its macrophages phagocytize bacteria, plays an important role in inflammation, and holds and conveys tissue fluid Widely distributed under epithelia, forms . You hear of tennis and golfers elbow, jumpers knee, and swimmers shoulder. Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat? Heparin, also released as part of the inflammatory response, acts as an anticoagulant that prevents the formation of blood clots.

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